Acids
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Acids
Organic and inorganic acids suitable for a wide variety of laboratory applications. Products are available in solid and liquid forms and in various pH values, quantities, reagent grades, and purities.
Acids are defined as substances that have a sour taste, a low pH (<7), and cause litmus paper to turn red. They also react with bases (yielding water and ionic compounds called salts) and produce hydrogen gas when used to dissolve metals such as zinc and iron.
Chemically, an acid is a molecule or ion that acts as a proton or hydrogen ion donor (Brønsted-Lowry acid) in a non-aqueous solution. In water, acids form hydronium ions (H3O+).
An acid is alternatively defined as a molecule or ion that accepts an electron pair (Lewis acid). One example is trifluoroborane, which has a boron atom capable of accepting an electron pair from ammonia (NH3) to form NH3-BF3.
Common inorganic acids include hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric, and phosphoric acids. Common organic acids include acetic, benzoic, citric, and lactic acids.
In the laboratory, acids are used as reagents or catalysts in many types of chemical reactions.
Strong acids, such as sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, are highly corrosive and have extensive commercial applications.
- Sulfuric acid is used to process petroleum and minerals and to make other chemicals like nitric acid
- Hydrochloric acid is used to pickle steel and other metals
- Some acids are used as neutralizers to produce salts; for example, ammonium nitrate is produced by the reaction of nitric acid with ammonia
- Many acids are also used in the food and beverage industry
Do you need bulk and custom chemical solutions? Ask our Fisher Scientific Chemical Specialists.
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Citric Acid Monohydrate, Certified AR for Analysis, meets analytical specification of Ph.Eur., USP, Fisher Chemical™
CAS: 5949-29-1 Molecular Formula: C6H10O8 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 210.14 MDL Number: 149972 InChI Key: YASYEJJMZJALEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid hydrate SMILES: O.OC(=O)CC(O)(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O
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CAS | 5949-29-1 |
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Molecular Weight (g/mol) | 210.14 |
MDL Number | 149972 |
SMILES | O.OC(=O)CC(O)(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O |
IUPAC Name | 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid hydrate |
InChI Key | YASYEJJMZJALEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Molecular Formula | C6H10O8 |
Citric acid monohydrate, 99.5%, for analysis, Thermo Scientific Chemicals
CAS: 5949-29-1 Molecular Formula: C6H10O8 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 210.138 MDL Number: MFCD00149972 InChI Key: YASYEJJMZJALEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: citric acid monohydrate,citric acid hydrate,2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid hydrate,citric acid, monohydrate,unii-2968phw8qp,1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monohydrate,citrate,acidum citricum monohydricum,citric acid monohydrate usp PubChem CID: 22230 ChEBI: CHEBI:31404 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid;hydrate SMILES: C(C(=O)O)C(CC(=O)O)(C(=O)O)O.O
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PubChem CID | 22230 |
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CAS | 5949-29-1 |
Molecular Weight (g/mol) | 210.138 |
ChEBI | CHEBI:31404 |
MDL Number | MFCD00149972 |
SMILES | C(C(=O)O)C(CC(=O)O)(C(=O)O)O.O |
Synonym | citric acid monohydrate,citric acid hydrate,2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid hydrate,citric acid, monohydrate,unii-2968phw8qp,1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monohydrate,citrate,acidum citricum monohydricum,citric acid monohydrate usp |
IUPAC Name | 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid;hydrate |
InChI Key | YASYEJJMZJALEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Molecular Formula | C6H10O8 |
Citric acid, 99.6%, Thermo Scientific Chemicals
CAS: 77-92-9 Molecular Formula: C6H8O7 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 192.12 MDL Number: MFCD00011669 InChI Key: KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: citric acid,citric acid, anhydrous,citro,anhydrous citric acid,citrate,aciletten,citretten,chemfill,hydrocerol a,1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy PubChem CID: 311 ChEBI: CHEBI:30769 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid SMILES: OC(=O)CC(O)(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O
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PubChem CID | 311 |
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CAS | 77-92-9 |
Molecular Weight (g/mol) | 192.12 |
ChEBI | CHEBI:30769 |
MDL Number | MFCD00011669 |
SMILES | OC(=O)CC(O)(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O |
Synonym | citric acid,citric acid, anhydrous,citro,anhydrous citric acid,citrate,aciletten,citretten,chemfill,hydrocerol a,1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy |
IUPAC Name | 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid |
InChI Key | KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Molecular Formula | C6H8O7 |
Acetic acid, sodium salt trihydrate, 99+%, ACS reagent, Thermo Scientific Chemicals
CAS: 127-09-3 Molecular Formula: C2H3NaO2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 82.03 MDL Number: MFCD00012459 InChI Key: VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Synonym: sodium acetate,acetic acid, sodium salt,sodium acetate anhydrous,sodium acetate, anhydrous,acetic acid sodium salt,anhydrous sodium acetate,sodii acetas,sodium ethanoate,natrium aceticum,octan sodny czech PubChem CID: 517045 ChEBI: CHEBI:32954 SMILES: [Na+].CC([O-])=O
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PubChem CID | 517045 |
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CAS | 127-09-3 |
Molecular Weight (g/mol) | 82.03 |
ChEBI | CHEBI:32954 |
MDL Number | MFCD00012459 |
SMILES | [Na+].CC([O-])=O |
Synonym | sodium acetate,acetic acid, sodium salt,sodium acetate anhydrous,sodium acetate, anhydrous,acetic acid sodium salt,anhydrous sodium acetate,sodii acetas,sodium ethanoate,natrium aceticum,octan sodny czech |
InChI Key | VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M |
Molecular Formula | C2H3NaO2 |
Hydrochloric Acid, 37%, Certified AR for Analysis, d=1.18, Fisher Chemical™
CAS: 7647-01-0 Molecular Formula: ClH InChI Key: VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N PubChem CID: 313 ChEBI: CHEBI:17883
PubChem CID | 313 |
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CAS | 7647-01-0 |
ChEBI | CHEBI:17883 |
InChI Key | VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Molecular Formula | ClH |
Nitric Acid 68-70% d=1.42, Certified AR, for Analysis, Fisher Chemical™
CAS: 7697-37-2 Molecular Formula: HNO3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 63.01 MDL Number: MFCD00011349 InChI Key: GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrogen nitrate,aqua fortis,azotic acid,salpetersaeure,rfna,acidum nitricum,nital,acide nitrique,nitrous fumes,nitryl hydroxide PubChem CID: 944 ChEBI: CHEBI:48107 IUPAC Name: nitric acid SMILES: O[N+]([O-])=O
PubChem CID | 944 |
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CAS | 7697-37-2 |
Molecular Weight (g/mol) | 63.01 |
ChEBI | CHEBI:48107 |
MDL Number | MFCD00011349 |
SMILES | O[N+]([O-])=O |
Synonym | hydrogen nitrate,aqua fortis,azotic acid,salpetersaeure,rfna,acidum nitricum,nital,acide nitrique,nitrous fumes,nitryl hydroxide |
IUPAC Name | nitric acid |
InChI Key | GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Molecular Formula | HNO3 |
Hydrochloric Acid Solution 1M (1N), NIST Standard Solution, ready to use, for volumetric analysis, Fisher Chemical™
ClH, CAS Number-7647-01-0, chloorwaterstof, anhydrous hydrochloric acid, acide chlorhydrique, hydrogen chloride hcl, hydrogen chloride, chlorohydric acid, chlorwasserstoff, hydrochloric acid, spirits of salt, muriatic acid, 1L, 100 deg.C, CHEBI:17883, Colorless, 36.46g/mol
Hydrochloric Acid Solution 0.1M (0.1N), NIST Standard Solution Ready To Use, for Volumetric Analysis, Meets Analytical Spec. Of Ph.Eur., Bp
CAS: 7647-01-0 Molecular Formula: ClH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 36.46 MDL Number: MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 InChI Key: VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrochloric acid,hydrogen chloride,muriatic acid,chlorohydric acid,acide chlorhydrique,chlorwasserstoff,spirits of salt,hydrogen chloride hcl,anhydrous hydrochloric acid,chloorwaterstof PubChem CID: 313 ChEBI: CHEBI:17883 IUPAC Name: hydrogen chloride SMILES: Cl
PubChem CID | 313 |
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CAS | 7647-01-0 |
Molecular Weight (g/mol) | 36.46 |
ChEBI | CHEBI:17883 |
MDL Number | MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 |
SMILES | Cl |
Synonym | hydrochloric acid,hydrogen chloride,muriatic acid,chlorohydric acid,acide chlorhydrique,chlorwasserstoff,spirits of salt,hydrogen chloride hcl,anhydrous hydrochloric acid,chloorwaterstof |
IUPAC Name | hydrogen chloride |
InChI Key | VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Molecular Formula | ClH |
Acetic acid, 99.7+%, ACS reagent, Thermo Scientific Chemicals
CAS: 64-19-7 Molecular Formula: C2H4O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 60.05 MDL Number: MFCD00036152 InChI Key: QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: ethanoic acid,ethylic acid,acetic acid, glacial,methanecarboxylic acid,vinegar acid,glacial,acetasol,acide acetique,essigsaeure PubChem CID: 176 ChEBI: CHEBI:15366 IUPAC Name: acetic acid SMILES: CC(O)=O
PubChem CID | 176 |
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CAS | 64-19-7 |
Molecular Weight (g/mol) | 60.05 |
ChEBI | CHEBI:15366 |
MDL Number | MFCD00036152 |
SMILES | CC(O)=O |
Synonym | ethanoic acid,ethylic acid,acetic acid, glacial,methanecarboxylic acid,vinegar acid,glacial,acetasol,acide acetique,essigsaeure |
IUPAC Name | acetic acid |
InChI Key | QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Molecular Formula | C2H4O2 |
Hydrogen chloride, pure, 2N solution in diethyl ether, AcroSeal™, Thermo Scientific Chemicals
Linear Formula | HCl |
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Molecular Weight (g/mol) | 36.46 |
ChEBI | CHEBI:17883 |
InChI Key | VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Density | 0.7400g/mL |
PubChem CID | 313 |
Name Note | 2N solution in diethyl ether |
Fieser | 04,450; 05,533; 06,283 |
Formula Weight | 36.45 |
Color | Colorless |
Physical Form | Liquid |
Chemical Name or Material | Hydrochloric acid |
Grade | Pure |
SMILES | Cl |
Merck Index | 10, 4701 |
Concentration | 1.90 to 2.20N |
CAS | 60-29-7 |
Health Hazard 3 | GHS P Statement: Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking. Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray. Wash face, hands and any exposed skin thoroughly after handling. WARNING: The information provided on this web site was developed in compliance with European Union (EU) regulations and is correct to the best of our knowledge, information and belief at the date of its publication. The information given is designed only as a guide for safe handling and use. It is not to be considered as either a warranty or quality specification. |
MDL Number | MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 |
Health Hazard 2 | GHS H Statement: Harmful if swallowed. Harmful if inhaled. Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. May cause drowsiness or dizziness. Extremely flammable liquid and vapor. May form explosive peroxides. Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking. |
Solubility Information | Solubility in water: soluble. Other solubilities: soluble in most organic solvents |
Flash Point | −40°C |
Health Hazard 1 | GHS Signal Word: Danger |
Synonym | hydrochloric acid,hydrogen chloride,muriatic acid,chlorohydric acid,acide chlorhydrique,chlorwasserstoff,spirits of salt,hydrogen chloride hcl,anhydrous hydrochloric acid,chloorwaterstof |
Molecular Formula | ClH |
Specific Gravity | 0.74 |
Trifluoroacetic Acid, 99+%, for HPLC, Fisher Chemical™
CAS: 76-05-1 Molecular Formula: C2HF3O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 114.02 MDL Number: MFCD00004169 InChI Key: DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: trifluoroacetic acid,perfluoroacetic acid,trifluoroethanoic acid,trifluoroacetic acid,acetic acid, trifluoro,trifluoroaceticacid,cf3cooh,trifluoro acetic acid,trifluoro-acetic acid,kyselina trifluoroctova PubChem CID: 6422 ChEBI: CHEBI:45892 SMILES: OC(=O)C(F)(F)F
PubChem CID | 6422 |
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CAS | 76-05-1 |
Molecular Weight (g/mol) | 114.02 |
ChEBI | CHEBI:45892 |
MDL Number | MFCD00004169 |
SMILES | OC(=O)C(F)(F)F |
Synonym | trifluoroacetic acid,perfluoroacetic acid,trifluoroethanoic acid,trifluoroacetic acid,acetic acid, trifluoro,trifluoroaceticacid,cf3cooh,trifluoro acetic acid,trifluoro-acetic acid,kyselina trifluoroctova |
InChI Key | DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Molecular Formula | C2HF3O2 |
Nitric Acid 68% d=1.42, Primar Plus™, for Trace Metal Analysis, Fisher Chemical™
CAS: 7697-37-2 Molecular Formula: HNO3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 63.01 MDL Number: MFCD00011349 InChI Key: GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrogen nitrate,aqua fortis,azotic acid,salpetersaeure,rfna,acidum nitricum,nital,acide nitrique,nitrous fumes,nitryl hydroxide PubChem CID: 944 ChEBI: CHEBI:48107 IUPAC Name: nitric acid SMILES: O[N+]([O-])=O
PubChem CID | 944 |
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CAS | 7697-37-2 |
Molecular Weight (g/mol) | 63.01 |
ChEBI | CHEBI:48107 |
MDL Number | MFCD00011349 |
SMILES | O[N+]([O-])=O |
Synonym | hydrogen nitrate,aqua fortis,azotic acid,salpetersaeure,rfna,acidum nitricum,nital,acide nitrique,nitrous fumes,nitryl hydroxide |
IUPAC Name | nitric acid |
InChI Key | GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Molecular Formula | HNO3 |
Hydrochloric Acid, 37%, Extra Pure, d=1.18, SLR, Fisher Chemical™
CAS: 7647-01-0 Molecular Formula: ClH Molecular Weight (g/mol): 36.46 MDL Number: MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 InChI Key: VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: hydrochloric acid,hydrogen chloride,muriatic acid,chlorohydric acid,acide chlorhydrique,chlorwasserstoff,spirits of salt,hydrogen chloride hcl,anhydrous hydrochloric acid,chloorwaterstof PubChem CID: 313 ChEBI: CHEBI:17883 IUPAC Name: hydrogen chloride SMILES: Cl
PubChem CID | 313 |
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CAS | 7647-01-0 |
Molecular Weight (g/mol) | 36.46 |
ChEBI | CHEBI:17883 |
MDL Number | MFCD00011324 MFCD00792839 |
SMILES | Cl |
Synonym | hydrochloric acid,hydrogen chloride,muriatic acid,chlorohydric acid,acide chlorhydrique,chlorwasserstoff,spirits of salt,hydrogen chloride hcl,anhydrous hydrochloric acid,chloorwaterstof |
IUPAC Name | hydrogen chloride |
InChI Key | VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Molecular Formula | ClH |
Succinic acid, 99+%, Thermo Scientific Chemicals
CAS: 110-15-6 Molecular Formula: C4H6O4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 118.09 MDL Number: MFCD00002789 InChI Key: KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: succinic acid,amber acid,asuccin,dihydrofumaric acid,bernsteinsaure,katasuccin,wormwood acid,succinate,ethylenesuccinic acid,1,2-ethanedicarboxylic acid PubChem CID: 1110 ChEBI: CHEBI:15741 IUPAC Name: butanedioic acid SMILES: OC(=O)CCC(O)=O
PubChem CID | 1110 |
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CAS | 110-15-6 |
Molecular Weight (g/mol) | 118.09 |
ChEBI | CHEBI:15741 |
MDL Number | MFCD00002789 |
SMILES | OC(=O)CCC(O)=O |
Synonym | succinic acid,amber acid,asuccin,dihydrofumaric acid,bernsteinsaure,katasuccin,wormwood acid,succinate,ethylenesuccinic acid,1,2-ethanedicarboxylic acid |
IUPAC Name | butanedioic acid |
InChI Key | KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Molecular Formula | C4H6O4 |
Formic acid, 98+%, pure, Thermo Scientific Chemicals
CAS: 64-18-6 Molecular Formula: CH2O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 46.025 InChI Key: BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: methanoic acid,formylic acid,aminic acid,bilorin,hydrogen carboxylic acid,formisoton,myrmicyl,formira,acide formique,collo-bueglatt PubChem CID: 284 ChEBI: CHEBI:30751 IUPAC Name: formic acid SMILES: C(=O)O
PubChem CID | 284 |
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CAS | 64-18-6 |
Molecular Weight (g/mol) | 46.025 |
ChEBI | CHEBI:30751 |
SMILES | C(=O)O |
Synonym | methanoic acid,formylic acid,aminic acid,bilorin,hydrogen carboxylic acid,formisoton,myrmicyl,formira,acide formique,collo-bueglatt |
IUPAC Name | formic acid |
InChI Key | BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Molecular Formula | CH2O2 |