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Germanium (Ge)

Germanium (Ge)

The existence of germanium was predicted by Mendeleev (who called it ekasilicon). It was discovered in 1886.

In its pure state, this metalloid is grayish-white, crystalline, and brittle. It is found in argyrodite (a sulfide of germanium and silver), germanite, zinc ores, coal, and other minerals.

Germanium is a very important semiconductor and is used as a transistor element in electronic applications. It can be used as a catalyst, an alloying agent, and as a phosphor in fluorescent lamps. The element and its oxide are transparent to infrared light and used in IR spectroscopes and detectors. Germanium has also been used in wide-angle camera lenses and microscope objectives.

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