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Gallium (Ga)

Gallium (Ga)

Mendeleev predicted the existence of gallium (described as ekaaluminum), and it was discovered in 1875. Gallium is usually found in diaspore, sphalerite, germanite, bauxite, and coal.

Ultra-pure gallium is silvery, and the solid metal fractures somewhat like glass. It is used in low-melting alloys with most metals. Because Gallium expands as it solidifies it should be stored in a flexible container.

Gallium can be liquid near room temperature, making it useful in high-temperature thermometers. It also tends to supercool below its freezing point.

Gallium forms a mirror when painted on glass and is widely used in semiconductors, transistors, and other solid-state devices.

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